Hoisting device



April 2, 1929 T. N. GARsoN 11,7()7,517

HOISTING DEVICE Fibed Feb. 20. 1926 l 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 "ATTORNEK April 2, 1929.

T. N. GARSON HOISI'ING DEVICE Flezd Feb. 20', 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 JvVENToR.

By AQ l MA TTORNE Y.

April 2, 192.9.

T. N. GARsoN HoIs'rING DEVICE 4 sheets-sheet Filed Fgb. 20, 1926 WMWEA/TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

`Patented Apr. 2, 192.9.

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-'fica monvaim u. Gassen, or maw' amamos, inw iront.

nomme Davies. l v application mea remary ao, ma. sam xo. um.

Theobject of the invention is to provide a hoisting apparatus of the class in which a revoluble4 crane and `oplerating mechanism therefor is combined bot for power and'supf ort with a tractor, 'the crane elements witht eir driving connections also being adapted for attachment to a stationary power unit. The invention will be described more fully in connection with the accompanying drawin whichings, 0 igurelis a side elevation of an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is a sideelevation and fragmentary view showing a clam shell bucket and 15 operating devices 'for connection to the embodiment of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the device illustrated in Fi ure 1,'the view being somewhat enlarged and the inner portion of the boom being broken away to expose the drums and incidental mechanism;

Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the revoluble mast and supportingl column;

Figure 5 is a sectional front elevation of the said take-up and locking mechanism;

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the same; Fi ure 7 is a diagrammatic view illustrating t e spring and drum of the automatic boom rope take-up and locking mechanism' Figure 8 is a plan view of the clutch an brake mechanism for a hoisting drum and v Figure 9 is a side elevation of the same; Figure 10 is a plan view of the revoluble mast operating mechanism;

Figure 11 is a fra entary view in elevation of 4the automatic throw-out mechanism for the mast revolving mechanism, and

Figure 12 is a front elevation of the device illustrated in Figures 1 and 3. v

The device illustrated in the drawings comprises a tractor A of any suitable construction having a rear axle 1, a front axle 2 and suitable intermediate connectin members, the engine operating a sprocket w eel 3 from which power is taken to drive the elements fof the hoisting mechanism.

' The hoisting mechanism is carried frame having a three-point connection with the tractor. The frame comprises the two side longitudinal members 4, the front risers 5 and the rear risers 6, which frame members may be channel irons bolted together either directly or through the intermediary of plates such as the lates 7. The risers 5 are connected together y front plate 8, the risers 6 are connected by a rear plate (not shown),

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and the two vsets ofrisers are by suitable side plates such as 13. Frame members 4 at their front ends are connected to a curved hanger or bracket member 9, which has a pivotal connection yat 10 with the front axle 2. The frame is hung "on the rear axle through the intermediary of the risers 7, each riser having a U-bolt 12 embracing the axle 1. By the described arrangement the frame for the hoisting mechanism is given a three-point suspension u n the axles 1 and 2.

Suitable plates may Y; bolted upon the upper horizontal frame members so as to form a table or support for a standard 14, which standard is provided with an annular base 15, provided -with apertures 15* to receive bolts for securing the same to the said table. The standard inthe main is coniform,

but it is provided with spaced cylindrical bearing portions 16. At its top the standard is adapted to receive and su port an annular bearing member 17 for receiving the load of a revoluble mast 18. Secured upon the cylindrical bearing portions 16 are rings of babbitt or other anti-friction material, which may engage the inner walls of the revoluble mast. Said anti-friction bearing surfaces may be lubricated by means of -cups or other suitable lubricating meiums (not shown).

At its lower end the revoluble mast 18 is formed with a projecting4 arm 20 to rovide a pivotal support for the boom 21, e pivotal point beingindicated at 22. The boom is preferably constructed of two 'spaced channeled bars connected at their ends in any suitable manner and their rear end bolted to a plate 21* which is apertured tc receive thel bolt or stud aiording the pivotal connection with arm 20. I

The mechanism for revolving the mast will 4now be described Near its lower end the mast has secured thereto a bull-ring 23, the rin having inwardly projecting arms 24 which are bolted to themast. The bull-ring is channeled to receive a drive belt or chainA 25 which isl driven by a pulle or sprocket 26 Pulley 26 is on a shaft 27 igure 10) which, below the pulley.v carries a bevelled. r 28 which is in constant mesh with a velled 29 loose on shaft 30, and with a second cdlled gear 29x loose on said shaft. A rotary clutch member 31Yis keyed on shaft 30 and is provided with opposite clutch'faces which are complementary to clutch faces on gears 29,

L wheel 3 from w 29x. When clutch member 31 is moved to the left by lever 32, lgear 29 will be operated by shaft 30 and will rotate pulley 26 in one dlrection, and' when lever 32 is swung to carry clutch member 31 into engagement with gear 29", thepulley 26 will be rotated in a reverse direction.- In this manner the, bull-V ring 23 and mast 18 with boom 21. and its. connecting members may be swungto the right or .to the left any required distance.

Undue rotation of the mast` in either direction is prevented by an automatic throwout device which comprises a trigger-lever a pivoted at a upon an u per frame member and having its upper en projecting into the path of a contact device carried by the bullring. When the boom is swung to such position that the contact device engages Athe tri ger-lever, the latter will be roc ed on'its fu crum a predetermined distance suiiicient to throw clutch lever 31 into neutral position, the trig er-lever being suitably connected to the clutc lever as shown in Figure 11. Two trigger-levers a may be em loyed if desired, according to the construction illustrated in Figures 10 and 11, one trigger-lever being connected to the clutch lever through cable 33, a cable 33x being employed as the second connection. Shaft 30 is drlven by reduction gears 34, 34x through a sprocket and chain connection 35 with a sprocket 36 on a shaft 37 (Figures 1 and 3), which shaft is driven through reduction gears 38 from main drive shaft 39. Drive shaft 39 carries a sprocket 4() connected b chain 41 with the sprocket hich the .power is taken. The means for raising and lowering the boom will now be described:-

At its upper end the mast is provided with a bracket 18x formed with a suitable bearing aperture for the reception of a shaft 42 upon which pulley 43 is mounted. Both the standard and the mast have central longitudinal passages, and throu h this passa e extends hoist cable 44 which 1s led over pul ey 43 and thence to a sheave 45 at the outer end of the boom. The hoist cable thence passes over the pulley of a hook block46, thence over a guide sheave 47 carried by the boom, the cable extending to an anchorage 48 on the mast 18. That part of the hoist cable below themast is led over a idc-pulley49 and is then led to a drum 50dosely mounted on a shaft 51. Drum 50 carries a gear wheel 52 in mesh with a pinion 53 loose Keyed to said shaft is a sliding internal clutch member 54 which is adapted to coact with an external clutch member 55 secured to inion 53. When the clutch members 54 and) 55 are operatively en aged, pinion 53 will be caused to rotate wit shaft 37, which is'a constantly rotatin shaft, and drum 50 will be operated to win in the hoist cable 54. Shaft 51 is provided with a second drum 56, the latter carrying a .gear wheel 57 engaged y mounted on shaft 37.

'naamw A by a pinion 58 looselymounted on'shaft'r37. Pinion 58 carries an external clutch member 59 Iadapted to be enga d I byfaninternal clutch member 60 keye on shaft 3711.

Means for operating the clutch membebs abi said means for o eratirigf,.the :right han@ Will now be descr1bed and inasmuchast -clutch member isi enti'cal with that for oper erating the left hand clutch member, a debcription of the rst means will suiiice for the two, it being illustrated in detail, Figures 8 and 9:

The internal clutch member 60 carries a channeled collar 60x and the end of a lever 61 is seated in the channed, the lever having a lower extension 61", the two forming a fork. The lever is pivoted at 62 and is connected by means of link 63 with a bell crank 64, the latter bein pivoted on a bracket 65 carried by one of t e side plates on the frame, such as 13. The outer end of bell crank 64 is apertured to receive a rod 66, .which rod has threaded thereon nuts 67 placed at opposite.

sides of the bell crank so that movement of rod 66 in reverse directions will operate the bell crank in like directions'and will move the internal clutch member 60 into and out of engagement with the external clutch mem-. ber 59. At the outer end of the bell crank 64 is a depending extension 64x which is pivotally connected thereto at 68x one end of a link 68 which at its opposite end is connected at 69X with a hand lever 69 pivoted at 7 O upon a frame member. Hand lever 69 may be provided with a pawl 71 for engagement with a ratchet 72, the two acting as a latch to hold the lever in various positions within the range of movement of the lever. When lever* 69 is moved outwardly it will act upon bell crank 64 and lever-61 to disengage clutch members 59 and 60, thereby discontinuing the power-rotation of the appropriate drum, and when the lever is moved inwardly the clutch members will be engaged to operate the drum.

When the clutch members are disengaged and power is withdrawn from the drum, the latter is automatically braked by mechanism now to be described:

To rod 66 is pivotally connected a link 73 which in turn is pivoted to the upper end of a brake-lever 74 mounted on a shaft 75 for oscillating movement relatively thereto. To the lower end of brake lever 74 is applied a spiral spring 76 which is placed under tension and is connected at 77 to the frame member 13. The spring acts to normally maintain brake lever 74 in operative or braking relation to the clutch. External clutch member 59 has applied thereto a brake band 78 which may belined in accordance with the usual practice. One end of the brake band is strapped to shaft and the other end is ad- 'ustably connected to a short arm 7 4x carried y the brake-lever 74, as shown in Figure 9.

The arrangement is such that when clutch operating lever 69 is moved inwardly to interengage the clutch members and operate the drum, brake lever 74 receives movement from rod 66 and the lever act-s against the tension ot spring 76 to release the brake.

i When, however, latch 71 is released and the clutch operating lever moved outwardly, the brake will be applied to the external clutch member and the drum operating pinion will be braked to cause, through its connection with drum gear Wheel 57, a braking of the drum. The bra-king action is very quickly effected because of the action of spring 76, the pull of said spring hastening the manual clutch releasing movement 0f clutch operating lever 69.

The presence in the combination of two separate drums 50, 56 is particularly advantageous when it is desired to operate the clam shell bucket such as illustrated in Figure 2. In that case one drum will be employed to raise -and lower the bucket through cable 79 and the second drum employed to act upon the closing liney80, the latter passing over a guide-pulley 81 and thence into operative connection with the closing wheel 82. Ot course, in such adaptation ot the device the block 46 will be removed and the closing line may pass over sheave 45 and the hoist cable be led over sheave 47 and thence over a guide-pulley 43X to the appropriate drum.

One of the important features of the invention is the provision of automatic latching mechanism for the boom, which mechanism serves to hold the latter in any position in which it may be raised by the hoist rope and permits immediate lowering ot the load to a point perpendicularly below the end of the boom in its raised position at any time. To this end there is connected to the boom at a point preferably between its longitudinal centre and its free end a latching cable 8-3 which is led to a drum 84 rotatably carried on bracket 18 at the top of the mast. Drum 84 has fixed thereto a ratchet wheel 85 engaged by a pawl 86, which pawl is on a shaft 86x suitably journalled in the said bracket 18". Iawl 86 is normally held in latching p0- sition by a spring 87, one end of the spring engaging a stop 8,8 carried by bracket 18 and the other end engaging a contact 89x at the lower end of the rod 89 which the spring surrounds. The tension of the spring is made adjustable by means of a nut or nuts 90 threaded on rod 89.4

Rod 89 at its upper end is pivotally connectedat 91 to an extension of pawl 86. The pawl-shaft 86X has xed thereon an operating arm 92 which may be rocked to release the pawl, a pull rope 93 being employed in the present embodiment. y

Within latching drum 84 is a coiled flat spring B, one end of whieh'is secured to the drum at 94 and the opposite end is connected guide the latching cable.

When the boom is lowered and the latch cable 83 is drawn out, the drum will be so rotated that the spring is turned in a winding direction and placed under tension. To enable downward movement of the boom' it is necessary to hold the pawl 92 inactive by pawl rope 93. -When the pawl rope is released further rotation of the latch drum is prevented by action thereon of the pawl, and the boom is firmly held to permit lowering of the load to a desired position.

When the boom is raised the spring acts upon the latch drum to keep the latching cable taut, so that upon a reversal of movement of the hoist drum the taut cable, latched '60. The drum pinion will then be power rotated to turn the hoist drum and wind in thel hoist rope. If it is desired to hoist the load a height greater than that permitted by the position of the boom, the winding in of the hoist rope is continued until block 46 engages the end of the boom (at the wear plates C) and causes the boom to be bodily moved upwardly to the desired position. As the boom moves upwardly the spring-acting latching drum maintains the latch rope 83 taut and the ratchet and pawl construction appurtenant to the latching drum will hold the latter against rotation, and thus hold the boom elevated when the rotation of the hoist drum is reversed and block 46 with its load permitted to descend. When the clam shell bucket is used, the operation will be the same as .to the hoist rope, one of the drums being used as the hoisting drum andthe second drum being used as the operating means for the closing rope 80 (Figure 2) as will be understood without further explanation.

Although I prefer that the automatic latch drum 84 be placed on the mast, it can, of course, be placed on the boom and the latching cable anchored at one end tol the mast. The downward movement of the boom may be limited by the length of the latching rope, which guards against dropping the boom. The upward movement of the boom may be limited by any suitable means. i

I prefer that the hook block be of sufficient weight to overhaul the drum when its clutch is in open or neutral position, so that the block may be lowered by gravity to take on a load. The same Will be true with respect to the clam shell bucket. v

The mast is located at approximately lthe centre of gravity of the tractor in order to equalize the distribution of Weight and give stability to the machine as a Who e.

VHaving described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows v 1. In hoisting apparatus comprising a mast, a boom and means for raising the boom, means for automatically latching the boom in any position to which it may be raised, comprising a latching cable connected to the boom, a rotatable spring-actuated latching member for receiving said cable, said latch member being a drum being rotatable about a shaft and engaged by a spring spirally encircling said shaft, and a manually-releasable latching device for said drum.

2. In a hoisting apparatus, a boom, means for raising the boom, including a hoist rope, and means for automatically holding the boom in raised position comprising a flexible connecting member and a revoluble device for Winding in said flexible connection, a spiral spring carried by said device, said spring being placed under tension by said flexible conn ncction upon lowering of the loom, and ratchet and pawl members for automatically latching said revoluble device and thereby holding the boom in any position to which the latter may be raised by the hoist rope.

3. In a hoisting apparatus comprising a boom and means for raising the same, an `automatic latching device for the boom comprising a flexible connecting member, a drum adapted to receive said connecting member, a flat spring 4having one end connected to the drum and its opposite end held against movement, and releasably interlocking devices carried by the drum and a fixed member Whereby the drum may be held against rotation in a given direction and also be permitted to revolve in said direction at the will of the operator.

4. In a hoisting apparatus, comprising a boom and means for raising the same, an automatic latch device for the boom comprising a flexible connecting member, a drum adapted to receive said connecting member, a spiral spring having one end connected to the drum and its opposite end held against movement, a ratchet Wheel carried by the drum, a paWl engaging the teeth of said Wheel, a paWl lever, a spring acting upon said lever to hold the pawl in operative position, and means for rocking said lever to disengage the pawl.

In .testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.-

THOR-VALD N. GARSON. 

